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Laurel Coat Bling:

Buttons – http://www.pewterreplicas.com/dept.asp?id=37

Mordak’s illustrations of women – http://www.sofyalarus.info/Russia/Mordak/mordakillus3.pdf

 Fire Mountain Gems:

Pearls – http://www.firemountaingems.com/pearls.asp?navsrc=2 – button shape, potato, teardrop

 Commercial Trims:

http://www.calontirtrim.com/queries/showtrim.asp?trimid=1116

http://www.istok.net/church-product/camomile-galloon.html

http://www.istok.net/church-product/round-galloon.html

http://www.istok.net/church-product/round-livan-galloon.html

 Dates:

Vigil = Cattle Raids: Royse, Stasi, maybe Ansgar, Padraig, = 2 and 2 maybes (no Antonia, Padraig)

Elevation = KCAT: Royse, Gida, Berndt, William, Juliana, Stasi, maybe Padraig, Johan and Anna = 6 and 3 maybe

 Vigil:

banya, zakuski, vigil lamp, journal

The day before his dubbing, the candidate had his hair cut in order to humble himself before God. After this, the candidate would be ritually bathed by his a group consisting of his knight and his knights peers. This symbolized that he was washed free of the sins of his previous life, making him ready to enter his new life with pride and dignity. The candidate would then be dressed in a tunic of white linen, covered with a red cloak, shod with black shoes, and laid on a bed. The white linen was a symbol of his new purity. The Red Cloak was a reminder that he would be required to spill blood in order to defend his God, his King and his people. The black shoes symbolized death and lying on the bed was to remind him that through virtue he would lie comfortably in heaven. After this, the squire attended a banquet, receiving the last meal he would receive prior to becoming a Knight. Following the banquet, the candidate began his Vigil at Arms. He placed his weapons before the altar, that they might be blessed. He then remained before the altar in prayer and contemplation throughout the night. To aid the candidate in staying awake through his vigil, well wishers would come to instruct the candidate in the ways, honor and history of the orders of peerage and knighthood.

Ceremony:

Icons – Saint Sophia http://www.religiousmall.com/rqt_wst159.html , or http://www.morsink.com/index.php?objectID=850 ,

Towels for the icons – http://www.stpetersburger.com/html/russian_linen_tablecloths_napkins_1.html

Laureling webpage:

http://www.strangelove.net/~kieser/Medieval/laurel.html

Fealty

Scroll Text

Ambassador Herberstein On Muscovy Affairs – https://archive.org/details/notesuponrussiab02herbuoft (better format)

Byzantine Ceremonial:

See also – Court Ceremonies and Rituals of Power in Byzantium and the Medieval Mediterranean

CONSTANTINE VII PORPHYROGENITUS, DE CERIMONIIS AULAE BYZANTINAE

By Leonora Neville…

Byzantine promotion ceremonies

Byzantine imperial titles were granted either by the emperor through the ceremonial bestowal of a prize, brabeion, or through an oral pronouncement, dia logou…. The titles granted through brabeion appear to have been honorary while those granted dia logou concerned offices.

The late ninth-century treatise on court precedence, the Kleterologion of Philotheos, described the process of receiving a title dia brabeiou:

The gifts of imperial honors… are bestowed upon the worthy by the divinely promoted emperors on the holy and wondrous imperial steps of the brilliant chysotriklinos on auspicious days with the whole order of the imperial hall standing nearby and with their prizes lying near the imperial authority. They who are about to be honored are clothed in garnet cloaks and prepared outside of the curtain by the appointed imperial protospatharios . Before their entrance, three spatharophoroi of the same rank as those about to be honored enter with the imperial doorman, and making the customary reverence, they wait standing before the curtain for the presence of the candidate. And just as the curtain falls, the protospatharios of the imperials enters with the imperial doorman leading the one who is about to be received. [The protospatharios] urges him to make a prostration in three places. He stands him before the face of the emperor to take the prize of honor from the emperor’s hands. After he gets the prize from the emperor, the protospatharios pulls him away backwards (?) and adorns him with the prize given by the emperor and then moving [the candidate] forward makes him embrace the holy feet of the emperor. Then led down to those below, he is greeted by the men of the same rank as a friend of equal honor. Then, completing the reverence to the emperor, they shout thanks with a prostration and go out with [the candidate]. [file:///Users/paulstep/Desktop/Current%20%28OS%20X%29/Translations/Promotion%20ceremonies.htm#_edn1 [1]]

The De cerimoniis includes numerous protocols for promotion to an office by proclamation, dia logou. The following is fairly typical:

The emperor orders the logothete to introduce the one who ought to be promoted . . . and having come inside the swept curtain of the chrysotriklinos, he (the logothete?) falls to the ground, prostrating before the emperor. Then the logothete stands and precedes him. [The candidate] comes forward and stands a little way from the emperor. The emperor exhorts him to manage and direct the service entrusted to him with truth, justice, and the fear of God, and to regard the subjects irrespective of gifts and persons, and to do all others things befitting those entrusted with such a charge…. After the proper things have been said, the emperor says to him: “In the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, my God-given majesty promotes you domestikos of the God-guarded scholai.” And immediately he [the candidate?] falls to the ground and makes a prostration, then he kisses the feet of the great emperor and thus little by little he is led out by the logothete to the clock that is in the door of the chrysotriklinos . And the logothete hands him over to the praipositoi saying: “Our holy and God-led emperors promoted this one <title>. ” And the praipositoi make the customary prayers for the emperors and they take him up and they lead him to the Lausiakos and the protopraipositos says to all: “Our holy and God-led emperors promoted this one <title>. ” And everyone prays the “many-years.” [see the coronation stuff below] [file:///Users/paulstep/Desktop/Current%20%28OS%20X%29/Translations/Promotion%20ceremonies.htm#_edn2 [2]]

Notes

[file:///Users/paulstep/Desktop/Current%20%28OS%20X%29/Translations/Promotion%20ceremonies.htm#_ednref1 [1]] Treatise of Philotheos ed. Nicolas Oikonomides, Les listes de préséance byzantines des IXe et Xe siècles . Paris: Éditions du Centre national de la recherche scientifique, 1972, 85-87.

[file:///Users/paulstep/Desktop/Current%20%28OS%20X%29/Translations/Promotion%20ceremonies.htm#_ednref2 [2]] J. J. Reiske, ed., De Cerimoniis Aulae Byzantinae, Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus , Book II chapter 3, pages 525-27. This chapter is dated to the reign of Constantine VII.

http://www.paulstephenson.info/trans/promotionceremonies.html

CONSTANTINE VII PORPHYROGENITUS, DE CERIMONIIS AULAE BYZANTINAE, I, 38 (ed. Reiske, I, pp. 191-6; ed. Vogt, II, pp. 1-5, cc. 47-8)

Those things which must be observed at the coronation of the emperor

All arrive with robes, and the whole senate and the officers of the Schools and the other regiments …assume … the insignia for escorting the sovereigns, and when all is ready, the emperor 1 departs the Augusteion, wearing his skaramangion and purple sagion , 2 escorted by [his personal staff]… and proceeds as far as the Onopodion, 3 and the first reception of the patricians occurs at the Onopodion, where the [Master] of Ceremonies ( o epi tês katastaseôs ) says “May you reign [serve]” and they [the patricians] acclaim “For many and good years.” Then they process down as far as the great Konsistorion, and within the Konsistorion are standing the consuls and the rest of the senators, and the sovereigns stand in the kiborion , and all the senators together with the patricians prostrate themselves. As they rise, the sovereigns give a sign to the praipositos , and the silentarios 4 intones “At your command,” and they [the senators and patricians] acclaim “For many and good years.” And they move off into the church [of Holy Wisdom, Hagia Sophia] through the Schools, and the demes properly attired are standing in their [assigned] places, making only the sign of the cross. 5

And when the emperor has entered the Horologion, the entrance [curtain] is raised, and he goes into the mêtatorion and changes into the divêtêsion and the tzitzakion and throws over them the sagion , 6and enters with the patriarch and lights candles on the silver doors, and entering the nave and he proceeds to the solaia and prays before the holy gates, with lighted candles, and returns into the ambo together with the patriarch. Then the patriarch says a prayer over the chlamys , 7 and when the prayer is complete the [servants] of the bedchamber take it and attire the emperor. And again [the patriarch] says a prayer, over the crown [wreath/cap/belt/collar] itself, and when that is complete, the patriarch himself takes the crown and places it on the head of the emperor, 8 and immediately the people cry out “Holy, Holy, Holy.Glory to God in the highest and peace on earth.” Thrice. Then “O such a great emperor and autocrat, many years,” and again. And wearing the crown he goes down and enters the mêtatorion and sits on the sellion, 9 and the dignitaries enter, prostrating themselves and kissing both his knees. Entrance one: the magisters [laurels?]; entrance two: the patricians and generals; third entrance: the first swordbearers (protospatharioi ); fourth entrance: [the commanders] of the army… ; the senatorial swordbearers ( spatharioi ) and consuls ( hypatoi ); fifth: the swordbearers ( spatharioi ); sixth: stratores ; seventh: counts of the Schools; eight: candidates of the cavalry; nine: skribônoi and domestikoi ; ten: asêkretai, bestêtores and silentarioi ; eleven: imperial mandatores and candidates of the infantry; twelve: counts of the arithmos , of the hikanatoi , tribunes ( tribounoi ), and counts of the fleet. 10

And the praipositos says “At your command,” and they acclaim “Many and good years,” then depart. The kiss of peace and communion are after the custom of feast days…

Acclamations of the demes at the coronation of the emperor:

With the regular solemnity observed, and when the despots have made their procession into the holy church, and all the ritual associated with the processions is completed, and the despots have ascended with the patriarch into the ambo (for there is placed an altar on which are set aside the chlamys and the crowns), then the patriarch says a prayer over the chlamys, and after the prayer the patriarch gives the chlamys to the great [i.e. senior] emperor. 11 Then the senior emperor and the praipositoi put the chlamys on the newly-created emperor, and again the patriarch says a prayer over the crowns, and first with his own hands crowns the great emperor, then gives the [second] crown to the great emperor, and the [senior] emperor crowns the newly-created emperor, and immediately the two demes ( merê ) cry out, saying “Worthy.” And they bow low to the ground before the sceptres (skêptra, [alt. halberds]) and other insignia together with the banners, placed to the right and left on one side and the other, all of the senate and the demes standing on the right-hand side of the ambo to the east. And the chanters ( kraktai, [leaders of the demes] ) intone “Glory to God in the highest and peace on earth,” which the people repeat thrice. The chanters: “Good will to Christian [honorable?] folk”, which the people repeat thrice. The chanters: “May God have mercy on his people.” The people repeat this three times. The chanters: “Today is the great day of the Lord.” The people repeat this three times. The chanters: “This is the day of the life of the Romans [Calontiri].” The people repeat this three times. The chanters: “This [day] is the grace and glory of the world.” The people repeat this. The chanters: “On which [day] the crown of the empire [kingdom].” The people repeat this. The chanters: “Is placed worthily on your head.” The people repeat this three times. The chanters: “Glory to God,the Lord of all.” The people repeat this. The chanters: “Glory to God for the crowning of your head.” The people repeat this. The chanters: “Glory to God for appointing you emperor.” The people repeat this. The chanters: “Glory to God for honouring you thusly.” The people repeat this. The chanters: “Glory to God for such benevolence.” The people repeat this. The chanters: “But you have been crowned, [so-an-so: insert name] 12 emperor, by his own hand.” The people repeat this. The chanters: “so let him guard you for many years in the purple.” The people repeat this. The chanters: “together with the empresses and the purple-born children.” The people repeat this. The chanters: “for the glory and elevation of the Romans.” The people repeat this. The chanters: “Hearken, O God, to your people.” The people repeat this. The chanters: “Many, many, many.” The people: “Many years upon many.” The chanters: “Many years for you, [so-and-so] emperor and [so-and-so] emperors of the Romans.” The people: “Many years to you.” The chanters: “Many years to you, attendants of the Lord.” The people: “Many years to you.” The chanters: “Many years to [so-an-so] and [so-and-so] empresses of the Romans.” The people: “Many years to you.” The chanters: “Many years to you, the good fortune of the sceptres.” The people: “Many years to you.” The chanters: “Many years to you [so-and-so] emperor of the Romans.” The people: “Many years to you.” The chanters: “Many years to you, God-crowned [so-and-so].” The people: “Many years to you.” The chanters: “Many years to you, masters, together with the empresses and purple-born children.” The people: “Many years to you.” The chanters: “May the Creator and Master of all.” The people repeat this. The chanters: “who crowned you with his own hand.” The people repeat this. The chanters: “make full your years together with the empresses and the purple-born children.” The people repeat this. The chanters: “for the perfect guardianship ( systasin ) 13 of the Roman people.

After these acclamations the two demes shout “Many years for the emperors,” and the rest of the acclamation, and invoke blessings on them, and so go out.

Basic bibliography

Text: Constantini Pophyrogeniti imperatoris de ceremoniis byzantini, libri duo, ed. J. J. Reiske, CSHB, 2 vols (Bonn, 1879), I, 191-6;

Constantin VII Porphyrogénète, Le livre des cérémonies , ed. & French trans. A. Vogt, 4 vols (Paris, 1935-9), II/I, 1-5; commentaire, II/ii, 1-21

Brightman, F. E., “Byzantine imperial coronations,” Journal of Theological Studies 2 (1901), 359-92

Charanis, P., “Imperial coronation in Byzantium: some new evidence,” Byzantina 8 (1976), 37-46

Majeska, G., “The emperor in his church: imperial ritual in the Church of St. Sophia,” in: H. Maguire, ed., Byzantine Court Culture from 829 to 1204 (Cambridge, MA, 1997), 1-11

McCormick, M., “Coronation,” in: The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium [ODB], ed. A. Kazhdan et al., 3 vols (Oxford & New York, 1991), I, 533-4

Nelson, J., “Rulers inauguration rituals in Byzantium and the West in the early middle ages,” Studies in Church History 13 (1976), 97-119; reprinted in her Politics and ritual in early medieval Europe (London, 1986)

Piltz, E., “Middle Byzantine court costume,” in: Maguire, ed., Byzantine Court Culture , 39-51

Tsirpanlis, C., “The imperial coronation and theory in «De cerimoniis aulae Byzantinae» of Constantine VII Porphyrogennitus,” Kleronomia 4 (1972), 63-91

Yannopoulos, P. “Le couronnement de l’empereur à Byzance: rituel et fond institutionnel,” Byzantion 61 (1991), 71-92

Notes

1 The ruler is already called basileus , “emperor,” which may reflect his de facto authority, and hence his ability to arrange a coronation (see Yannopoulos, 1991). This suggests that several constitutive acts had already taken place, for example acclamation and raising on a shield. But as Majeska (1997, 2) notes, although the ceremonial arrival at Hagia Sophia for the coronation mirrors that of arrivals of a crowned emperor, the “emperor does not exercise any genuinely liturgical functions (such as entering the sancturary, kissing the altar, or censing, which he does at this point in similar ceremonies) until he has been raised to ‘sacred’ imperial status by his coronation.”

2 On these imperial vestments, see Piltz 1997.

3 The Augusteion, Onopodion, Konsistorion, etc., can all be located on a map in the vicinity of Hagia Sophia.

4 You are encouraged to look up the entries for praipositos and silentarios, etc., in the ODB.

5 The demes, or factions, whose costumes will have been blue and green, significantly do not acclaim the emperor at this stage.

6 At this point take a look at the map provided by Majeska 1997, reproduced above. The Horologion is in the bottom right-hand corner.

7 Texts of these prayers have been preserved. See Brightman 1901 and Tsirpanlis 1972 for translations.

8 An exclamation by the patriarch may have been omitted here. Elsewhere it is attested that the patriarch shouts “Worthy” before the congregation replies with the acclamation beginning “Holy.” It is possible that the scribe skipped a line, since Agios (Holy) and Axios (Worthy) are so similar. See Majeska 1997, 3.

9 The sellion appears to have been a small throne.

10 These are references to various ranks and offices, mainly military. You are encouraged to look them up in the ODB.

11 The following details the coronation of a junior, co-emperor.

12 The Greek deina is placed where one would insert the name of the emperor.

13 This word affords many alternative translations, including “political constitution,” “political union or unity,” and “solidity.” Tsirpanlis 1972, 71, offers “Unto perfect stablishment of the Romans.”

http://www.paulstephenson.info/trans/decer0.html

Food for Thought:

http://www.goldenstag.net/peerage/index.htm#DISCUSS

http://anachronista.net/sca/scaphilosophy.html

http://www.inlandregion.org/sca/misc/peer_qualities.php

http://www.geocities.com/arianna_wyn/Laurel_Charter.htm#Expected

Peerage Virtues

An Tirian article on heraldic achievements – http://www.antirheralds.org/display/achievements/achievements.html

Nice heraldic art – http://www.sengokudaimyo.com/avatarbiz.html

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Petrvald_(Novy_Jicin)_CoA_CZ.jpg

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wappen_Alsbach_WW.png

http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/precedents/bruce/bird-misc.html

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tymen_coa.jpg

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wappen_Rennertshofen.png

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wappen_Wallau_(Lahn).png

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Heraldic Titles –

Sofyasaurus Herald Imaginary

http://medievalscotland.org/jes/HeraldicTitles/ :

Does it sound good to say:

Sofya la Rus, Redewike Herald Extraordinary	Sofya Redewike	“Redewike says that Russian names are feminized by…”
Sofya la Rus, Non Nobis Herald Extraordinary	Sofya Non Nobis	“Non Nobis says that Russian names are feminized by…”

Sofya la Rus, Bien Herald Extraordinary	Sofya Bien	“Bien says that Russian names are feminized by…”
Sofya la Rus, L’Abeille Herald Extraordinary	Sofya L’Abelle	“L’Abeille says that Russian names are feminized by…”
Sofya la Rus, Bihne Herald Extraordinary	Sofya Bihne	“Bihne says that Russian names are feminized by…”
Sofya la Rus, Nobis Herald Extraordinary	Sofya Nobis	“Nobis says that Russian names are feminized by…”

Unclear

Besource Pursuivant – This English title is unclear in origin. Franklyn & Tanner say that he was “active in 1380 when he received largesse from John O’Gaunt, but his master is not known.” – http://medievalscotland.org/jes/HeraldicTitles/dictionary.shtml#Besource_Pursuivant

Heraldic Charge

Blanch Lyverer Pursuivant – This English title is derived from a heraldic charge (a greyhound)…

Eisvogl Herald – This German title is derived from the name of a heraldic charge (a kingfisher),

Rouge Dragon Pursuivant – This English title is derived from a heraldic charge, the red dragon badge of Wales.

Motto

Diligens Pursuivant – This Scottish title is a motto in origin, meaning “diligence.”

Gentil-Oiseau Pursuivant – This French title is a motto or desirable trait (of sorts) in origin; it means “gentle bird.” He dates to 1415, according to Mathieu. – http://medievalscotland.org/jes/HeraldicTitles/dictionary.shtml#Gentil-Oiseau_Pursuivant

Nobis or Non nobis

• impresa of Sir Philip Sidney used at The Triumph of the Four Foster Children of Desire (1581) — Sic nos non nobis (“Thus we [do/are] not for ourselves”] – http://shaksper.net/current-postings/30914-non-nobis-and-te-deum-3
• noted in the Memoirs of the Life and Writings of Sir Philip Sidney – https://books.google.com/books?id=JDIJAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA335&lpg=PA335&dq=Sir+Philip+Sidney+1581+non+nobis&source=bl&ots=NZS_y3t4pP&sig=_3Lr_M88SLJ9WG9Tc31vX0pfAHc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCQQ6AEwAWoVChMIpM6f5ZnexwIVwn-SCh398Af_#v=onepage&q=Sir%20Philip%20Sidney%201581%20non%20nobis&f=false
• discussed in more detail in _Sir Philip Sydney and the Circulation of Manuscripts, 1548-1640_ pp 284-5 – with a poem about the work of Bees, etc. not for themselves “Sic vos non vobis” as a well-known Renaissance motto derived from Asconius Pedianus in Donatus’ life of Virgil, and related to Sir Philip’s follower’s use of “Sic nos non nobis” in the 1581 tilt. https://books.google.com/books?id=sz-sdBEhAHcC&pg=PA276&lpg=PA276&dq=impresa+of+Sir+Philip+Sidney+1581&source=bl&ots=7eThpvmaxk&sig=zzhedGM_adqaXO_lAJxvCxqSjZo&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAWoVChMIvquD0JHexwIVTo6SCh2TiQ8Q#v=snippet&q=non%20nobis&f=false

• apparently found in the 1534 Prymer of Salisbury – free on Google books – Three Primers Put Forth in the Reign of Henry VIII. By Church of England – has non nobis domine as the header for Psalm cxv on page 107.
• At the beginning of English printing, Caxton’s 1483 edition of the Golden Legend (Jacobus de Voragine’s Legenda aurea, c 1260) tells of Edward the Confessor healing a blind man, and then kneeling before the altar to “say this verse with grete drede and mekeness, Non nobis domine non nobis sed nomine tuo da gloriam, That is to say, Not unto us lord, not to us, but unto thy name be geven glorye.”http://legacy.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/goldenlegend/GoldenLegend-Volume6.asp#Edward
• Noted by Shakespeare in Henry V, Act 4, Scene VIII – http://shakespeare.mit.edu/henryv/henryv.4.8.html, with apparently period spelling at The works of William Shakespeare By William Shakespeare (first published 1600) p 119 along with a quote in the notes from Holinshed (1587), one of Shakespeare’s main sources, on p 181 https://books.google.com/books?id=8yckAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA181&lpg=PA181&dq=non+nobis+shakespeare&source=bl&ots=GsoMP1Hx4-&sig=LkgjDffkiPOEOUO0XWoiVABrFOI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEkQ6AEwCGoVChMI87773_rdxwIVCBSSCh1RuATC#v=onepage&q=non%20nobis&f=false
• Also Hall’s Chronicle (1548) – “When the kyng had passed through the felde & saw neither resistence nor apparaunce of any Frenchmen sauyng the dead corsses, he caused the retrayte to be blowen and brought al iiis armie together about, iiij. of the clocke at after noone. And fyrst to geue thankes to almightie God geuer & tributor of this glorious victory, he caused his prelates & cliape- laines fyrst to sing this psalme In exitu Israel de Egipto. c. commaundyng euery man to knele doune on the ground at this verse. Non nobis domine, non nobis, sed nomine tuo da gloriam, whiche is to say in Englishe, Not to vs lord, not to vs, but to thy name let the glory be geuen: whiche done he caused Te deuni with certeine anthemes to be song geuyng laudes and praisyngcs to God, and not boastyng nor braggyng of him selfe nor his humane power. ” https://archive.org/stream/hallschronicleco00halluoft/hallschronicleco00halluoft_djvu.txt
• Apparently the motto of the Knights Templar, used as their battle prayer – http://knightstemplarvault.com/templars-battle-prayer/
• And supposedly recited/sung after meals in England… http://gnosticwarrior.com/non-nobis-domine.html “on the cloth being removed” as of 1825 (http://www.bowyers.com/meetingPlaces_albion.php ) which may have derived from the Jewish practice of reciting the Psalm after the Passover meal according to Latin Music Through the Ages, Volume I , which notes the attribution to William Byrd (1543-1637) of the period verion that has survived, likely from about 1575 (?) – https://books.google.com/books?id=FvKJWQ9jJU4C&pg=PA55&lpg=PA55&dq=%22non+nobis+domine%22+at+meals&source=bl&ots=rEeMGJHk38&sig=To9io0IXwwGml2jp8GLgnqlZxlY&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCYQ6AEwAjgKahUKEwjR9Y-4vN7HAhUEG5IKHZdBDlw#v=onepage&q=%22non%20nobis%20domine%22%20at%20meals&f=false

• Non nobis solum (English: Not for ourselves alone) is a Latin motto. A common variation is non nobis, sed omnibus (“not for us, but for everyone”) and non nobis solum, sed omnibus. From Cicero “non nobis solum nati sumus ortusque nostri partem patria vindicat, partem amici” (“Not for us alone are we born; our country, our friends, have a share in us”) inspired by Plato and Stoic philosophy – wikipedia
• Nobis appears as an English, German and Spanish surname in IGI
  • Lennard Nobis, married 1577, Somerset, England, Batch M15084-1
  • Martha Nobis, married 1625, Wuerttemberg, Batch M94707-1

“Not for ourselves”

• French “pas pour nous”
• German “Nicht für uns”
• Spanish “no para nosotros mismos”

“Non nobis”

• English “not us”
• French “non pas à nous”
• German “nicht uns”
• Spanish “no nos”

Psalm 115 “Not to us, O Lord, not unto us, but unto thy name give glory”

• French “Non pas à nous, Eternel, non pas à nous, Mais à ton nom donne gloire”
• Spanish “NO á nosotros, oh Jehová, no á nosotros, Sino á tu nombre da gloria;
• German “Nicht uns, HERR, nicht uns, sondern deinem Namen gib Ehre”

1: Tanczos Istvan – New Heraldic Title

OSCAR finds the name registered exactly as it appears in May of 2002, via the East

Non Scripta Herald

Istvan was granted the right to a personal title on the Cover Letter to the February 2011 LoAR, under the heading “From Olwyn, the retiring Laurel” http://heraldry.sca.org/loar/2011/02/11-02cl.html

This title is taken from the motto of the College of Arms, “Non Scripta, Non Est.” The first findable reference to this phrase as the motto is on the March 1987 LoAR. It is translated on the November 2001 LoAR as “if it isn’t in writing, it doesn’t exist”

The article “Heraldic Titles from the Middle Ages and Renaissance”, by Juliana da Luna (http://medievalscotland.org/jes/HeraldicTitlesSCA/index.shtml) lists roughly 100 titles based on mottoes.

Ursula Georges’ article on “Mottoes and Heraldry” lists quite a lot of heraldic mottoes in Latin. (http://www.doomchicken.net/~ursula/sca/motto/mottoesandheraldry.doc)

While precedent says “Ursula Georges does note that she has found no examples of heraldic titles formed from Latin mottos. However, there is a general pattern of titles so formed. Therefore, forming a heraldic title from a Latin motto is one step from period practice.” [Northshield, Kingdom of, March 2006, A-Northshield], that is the only step.

Ursula also provided documentation in email for the words and grammar: “Non scripta” literally means “things not having been written”. “Non” is the usual Latin word for not (see Lewis & Short s.v. non). “Scripta” is the neuter plural form of the perfect passive participle of the verb “scribo”, ‘I write’ (Lewis & Short s.v. scribo), used substantively. (Lewis & Short can be found athttp://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/resolveform?redirect=true&lang=Latin)

October 2012 – Titles from Latin Mottoes

Tanczos Istvan. Heraldic title Non Scripta Herald.

This submission raises several interesting issues. First, commenters questioned whether mottoes that did not complete a thought (this means “things not having been written down”) were period. Period examples of mottoes (and titles derived from mottoes) that are incomplete thoughts include A ma vie “with my life (I will defend it),” Passe oultre “go further,” Plus Oultre “further beyond,”, and the like. In one case, the English College of Arms motto, Diligent and Secret, is split and used as two separate titles. Thus, a title derived from part of the Laurel motto fits within a pattern of period heraldic titles.

What fits less well within that pattern is the language. The Laurel motto is Latin, and clearly constructed following the rules of period Latin. Latin mottoes are now known to be vanishing rare in period; their use in heraldic titles is a step from period practice under the Rules for Submissions. We decline to rule on their registerability under the Standards for Evaluation. Any future submission based on a Latin motto should include a discussion of the suitability of such a motto for a heraldic title.

…

http://heraldry.sca.org/loar/2012/10/12-10lar.html#158

On the suitability of a Latin motto for a heraldic title:

The October 2012 precedent states that Latin mottoes are “vanishing rare in period”. Ursula Georges has documented that in 16th and 17th Wales, a majority of mottoes that she could find were, in fact, Latin – 55.3%. A goodly number of her Latin examples are period and gray period. So it seems that Latin mottoes are not, in fact, “vanishing rare”. http://www.yarntheory.net/ursulageorges/motto/welshmottoes.html

“Non nobis” itself was well known in period as derived from the title of a famous Psalm and also inspired by classical passages from Virgil and Cicero.

Caxton’s 1483 edition of the Golden Legend has the saintly king, Edward the Confessor, praying the “Non nobis” Psalm after healing a blind man. Google Books:

https://books.google.com/books?id=dhvKBwAAQBAJ&pg=PT1141&lpg=PT1141&dq=golden+legend+non+nobis&source=bl&ots=os8FlbQWen&sig=4gfDPU4w8QL_Mj2txwx1AsCFHn0&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiy54LFubrXAhVExCYKHTiGBRkQ6AEIKzAB#v=onepage&q=golden%20legend%20non%20nobis&f=false

King Henry had Non Nobis sung after the Battle of Agincourt in Shakespeare’s Henry V, Act 4, Scene VIII (published 1600), inspired by Hall’s 1542 Chronicle.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non_nobis

“Non nobis” was the motto/battle hymn/cry/prayer of the Knights Templar. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knights_Templar and

http://knightstemplarvault.com/templars-battle-prayer/

The impresa of Sir Philip Sidney used at The Triumph of the Four Foster Children of Desire in 1581 was “Sic nos non nobis” [printed]

• http://shaksper.net/current-postings/30914-non-nobis-and-te-deum-3

This was also noted in the Memoirs of the Life and Writings of Sir Philip Sidney – [printed snippet view]

• https://books.google.com/books?id=JDIJAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA335&lpg=PA335&dq=Sir+Philip+Sidney+1581+non+nobis&source=bl&ots=NZS_y3t4pP&sig=_3Lr_M88SLJ9WG9Tc31vX0pfAHc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCQQ6AEwAWoVChMIpM6f5ZnexwIVwn-SCh398Af_#v=onepage&q=Sir%20Philip%20Sidney%201581%20non%20nobis&f=false

And discussed in more detail in _Sir Philip Sydney and the Circulation of Manuscripts, 1548-1640_ pp 284-5 – with a poem about the work of Bees, etc. not for themselves “Sic vos non vobis” as a well-known Renaissance motto derived from Asconius Pedianus in Donatus’ life of Virgil, and related to Sir Philip’s follower’s use of “Sic nos non nobis” in the 1581 tilt – [printed snippet view]

• https://books.google.com/books?id=sz-sdBEhAHcC&pg=PA276&lpg=PA276&dq=impresa+of+Sir+Philip+Sidney+1581&source=bl&ots=7eThpvmaxk&sig=zzhedGM_adqaXO_lAJxvCxqSjZo&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAWoVChMIvquD0JHexwIVTo6SCh2TiQ8Q#v=snippet&q=non%20nobis&f=false

“Non nobis” seems to have been used regularly as an epigraph by both Catholic and Protestant authors and translators, including James Pilkington (A godlie exposition upon certeine chapters of Nehemiah, 1585), and the translators of Eusebius’s The auncient ecclesiasticall histories (1577), Gaspar Loarte’s The exercise of a christian life (1579), and the same author’s Instructions and advertisements, how to meditate the misteries of the rosarie (1597). – http://shaksper.net/current-postings/30914-non-nobis-and-te-deum-3

While I have not been able to find any heraldic titles derived from Latin mottoes (perhaps because Latin mottoes achieved peak popularity after many heraldic titles had already been established), Julia Smith’s article “Heraldic Titles from the Middle Ages and Renaissance: Overview” demonstrates that mottoes in general were a common source for heraldic titles. I believe that Ursula George’s article demonstrates that by late period, Latin mottoes were common enough that it would be plausible for a late period heraldic title to be derived from one. “Non nobis” in particular was known to be used in period mottoes, impresae and possibly also as a battle cry and would therefore seem particularly plausible for use in an heraldic title.

If the above is not convincing, I would be willing to accept the title Nobis Herald instead, based on the <family name> + <title> pattern from Julia Smith.

Nobis appears as an English surname in IGI/Family Search:

• Lennard Nobis, married 1577, Somerset, England, Batch M15084-1

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“Perfect is the enemy of the good.”

• Le mieux est l’ennemi de bien. Let well enough alone. “Best is good’s enemy.”

“Out of little acorns…”

• Les petits ruisseaux font les grandes rivières. Tall oaks from little acorns grow. “The little streams make the big rivers.”

“Just do it.” “Do what you can, it’s all you can do.”

Probieren geht über studieren (lit.: attempting something is better than studying it)

Steter Tropfen höhlt den Stein (lit.: a steady drop will carve the stone)

A Medieval Collection of Latin and English Proverbs –

https://www.escholar.manchester.ac.uk/api/datastream?publicationPid=uk-ac-man-scw:1m1301&datastreamId=POST-PEER-REVIEW-PUBLISHERS-DOCUMENT.PDF

• 29. He is wyse and well taw;t, pat berys a horn’ and blowes it nowt.
• 10. It is no shame to fall’, but to lye longe
• 27. Not all keyes hongen atte oo wyues gyrdell. 1
• 30. Lytell & lytell the catt eteth pe bakon.
• 1. He pat dothe as kanne, blame hym no man’
• 4. The nerre ye chirche ye feryer fro criste.
• 25. Of alytell’ sparke cometh agrete fyre.
• 7. A fool schulde neuer haue babul in honde

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Locative

Warwick Herald – This English title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say “maintained during the first half of the XV century by the earls of Warwick.” Godfrey dates use of this title to 1435-1469.

Redwick –

• to hreodwican 955-9 (12th) BCS 936
• Redewik’, Redewyk(e) 1248Ass , 1284Episc , 1358FF
• Redwiche 1194P
• Redwyk(e), Redwi(c)k 1268Ipm , 1354Orig , 1590FF , 1658Asht 43
• Redwi(c)k als. Radwick 1601FF
• Reddeweke 1547FF
• Radewik(e), Radewyk(e) 1230Cl , 1232Ch , 1248, 1287Ass , 1296Ipm et passim to, 1535VE
• Raddewyk’ 1330FF
• Radwyk(e), Radwi(c)k 1476AD i, 1478AD iii, 1547Pat , c. 1560Surv

http://placenames.org.uk/browse/mads/epns-deep-40-b-subparish-000058

Redewike in the reign of Henry VI –

Grant for life to Hugh John,knight,who has laboured against Westminster, the infidel Saracens in the parts of Troy, Greece and Turkey by land and water and received the order of knighthood at the Holy Sepulchre and visited the Holy Land,as appears byletters apostolic and letters of the Emperor of Constantinople and the kingof Cyprus and Armenia,for good service in the king’s wars in France, Normandy and elsewhere beyond seas, of the office of steward of the lordship and courts of Magor and Redewike in the march of Wales…

http://sdrc.lib.uiowa.edu/patentrolls/h6v5/body/Henry6vol5page0562.pdf

Locative German – German and titles include both regions and cities: Brandenburg Herald, Luxembourg Herald, Preußen King of Arms, and Beyeren Herald. However, other heraldic titles are derived from locations that are not associated with noble titles. These include the names of both cities and regions. In England, such titles includeDublin Herald, Agincourt Herald, and Bordeaux Herald. In France, titles such as Languedoc Herald and Saintonge Herald follow this pattern. In Spain, Pamplona Herald, Toledo Herald, and Jerusalem Herald appear, while in Portugal, titles like Ceuta Herald, Lisboa Herald, and Algarve Herald are found. One must remember that medieval overlords often controlled areas that are not in the equivalent modern countries: thus Bethune, in northern France, is used as a Spanish title, because it was a Hapsburg possession. However, some titles are clearly not real claims: Portugal has a Constantinople Herald, while a German herald was known as Jerusalem. http://medievalscotland.org/jes/HeraldicTitles/heraldic_titles_by_type.shtml#GERMAN_LOCATIVE

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Surnames

Surnames – Finally, a group of titles are derived from surnames, most of which are locative in nature; this is only clearly found in England, where knights who had no noble domains from which to derive a surname were allowed pursuivants. However, in France as well, family names are current possessions sometimes drift apart over time. Examples taken from surnames include Claveley Herald, Chandos Herald, and Mowbray Herald. There are a few heraldic titles derived from non-locative surnames in England; examples include Talbot Herald, Bardolph Herald, and Fitzwalter Pursuivant. There are a few examples from elsewhere of what may be non-locative surnames (the German Suchenwirt Herald, the French Toutain le Gras Pursuivant, and the Scottish Jop Herald), though it is possible that some of these are bynames rather than heraldic titles.

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Alternate Herald Forms

German Herald forms – Eisvogl, des kunigs herold, Hierusalem Eraldo, Osterich eerhalld, erhallt des haus zu Osterich, heraut du duc d’Austriche, herault du duc Aubert d’Austeriche,

Middle English – heraud (n.) Also herhaud, herald, herrald, herauld, herault & heroud, herroud, herod, hereud, horoud & haraud,harraud, harrald, harhald, hauraud &haroud, harroud, harod, harud, harot, harowed, harrould, harrold.

Registered forms:

• Löwenmähne Herold This heraldic title was registered to An Tir, Kingdom of in November of 1989 (via An Tir).
• Rottaler Herold This heraldic title was registered to Calontir, Kingdom of in April of 2012 (via Calontir).

• Coteswold Herault This heraldic title was registered to Nicholas de Estleche, dictus le Tardif in July of 2013 (via Drachenwald).
• Honnesteté Plus Que Tout Herault This heraldic title was registered to Marie de Blois in May of 2012 (via the East).
• Sans Merci Herault This heraldic title was registered to Drachenwald, Kingdom of in October of 2011 (via Drachenwald).

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Owls

Thomas Owles 1524, R&W.

William Owlete 1524, R&W.

German – eule (sounds a bit like yule)

French – la chouette, le hibou

Middle English –

• hǒulot (n.) Also houlat. [Cp. F (16th-cent.) hulotte, from Gmc.] An owlet; also, an owl. **a1475 //Holy berith beris// (Hrl 5396)** p.94: ‘Gode Iuy, whatt byrdys ast thou?’ ‘Non but the howlat, that kreye, How, how!’ **?a1475 //Ludus C.//(Vsp D.8)** 169/15: Do howlott howtyn hoberd and heyn.
• ǒule (n.) Also oul(le, ouel(e, houl(e, nou(e)le & hole & ule, hule & (in names only) oula-, noul-, ol(e-, olle-, wol(le-, ul(le-, hulu-, (infl. or pl.) ouln-, olen-, olne-, hol(l)en-,ul(l)en-, uln(e-, hulen-, ules-, hulles-. [OE ūle; infl. & pl. ūlan.] 1. (a) An owl; horned ~, a horned owl; (b) her. the figure of an owl on a shield… (a) **c1225(OE) //Wor.Aelfric Gloss.//(Wor F.174)** 543/4: Strix, uel bubo: ule. **?c1200 //Stw.57.Gloss.//(Stw 57)** 412: Strix, ule, i. huan. **c1275(?a1216) //Owl & N.//(Clg A.9)** 4: Iherde ich holde grete tale, An hule and one niȝtingale. **c1275(?a1216) //Owl & N.//(Clg A.9)** 28: Hit was þare hule [Jes-O: vle] eardingstowe. … . **(?1387) Wimbledon //Serm.//(Corp-C 357)** 89/444: Owles and nytcrowes..seen betre be nyȝt þan by day. **(a1393) Gower //CA// (Frf 3)** 1.1727: As an oule fleth be nyhte Out of alle othre briddes syhte, Riht so this knyht..schop his rode On nyhtes time. **(a1393) Gower //CA// (Frf 3)** 5.4131: A part ek of the horned Oule, The which men hiere on nyhtes houle. **(a1398) * Trev. //Barth.//(Add 27944)** 144b/b: The owle hatte..bubo and haþ þat name of þe soun of hire voys..Crienge of þe owle by nyȝte bodeþ deþ. **(a1398) * Trev. //Barth.//(Add 27944)** 259b/b: Þe openynge of þe owelis [L noctue] yhe is moche and þe openynge of þe egles yhe is litel. … **c1400 *//Bk.Mother// (Bod 416)** 115/4: Oules mowen not wel see adai for liȝt of þe sunne, ne durren not fle ne be seie among oþere briddes for þei schulde be ascrid. **c1425(a1420) Lydg. //TB// (Aug A.4)** 2.2569: Þe owle also, so odyous at al, Þat songis singeth at festis funeral, Declareth pleynly þe fyn of euery glorie Is only deth…. **?a1425(c1400) //Mandev.(1)// (Tit C.16)** 149/2: Abouen all foules of þe world þei worschipen the Owle. **c1430(c1380) Chaucer //PF// (Benson-Robinson)** 599: Thow farst by love as oules don by lyght: The day hem blent; ful wel they se by nyght. **c1430(c1386) Chaucer //LGW// (Benson-Robinson)** 2253: The oule al nyght aboute the balkes wond, That prophete is of wo and of myschaunce. … **?c1450 //Stockh.PRecipes// (Stockh 10.90)** 73/5: For a wood man. Do þe man þat is frentyk etyn of an owle þat howtetz. **a1475 //Holy berith beris// (Hrl 5396)** p.94: Iuy hath berys as blake as any slo; Ther com the oule and ete hym as she goo. **?c1475 *//Cath.Angl.//(Add 15562)** 90a: An Owle: Bubo, lucifuga, vlula. … (b) **a1500(a1400) //Libeaus// (Clg A.2)** 857: He bar þe scheld of goules, Of syluer þre whyte oules, Of gold was þe bordure. 3. In surnames and place names [see Smith PNElem. 2.224]. **(c1100) in Wallenberg //PNKent//** 236: Hulecumbe. **(c1135) //EPNSoc.17// (Not.)** 99: Ulecotes. **(1187) //EPNSoc.13// (War.)** 245: Vlenhala. **(1190) //EPNSoc.4//(Wor.)** 267: Ulleberga. **(1197) //EPNSoc.17// (Not.)** 99: Vlescotes. **(1221) //EPNSoc.13// (War.)** 245: Ullenhale. **(1242) //EPNSoc.8// (Dev.)** 118: Olecumbe..Wollecumb. **(1242) //EPNSoc.4// (Wor.)** 267: Holenhale. **(1249) //EPNSoc.8// (Dev.)** 288: Hululeg. **(1251) //EPNSoc.4// (Wor.)** 267: Hulenhale. **(1265) //EPNSoc.4// (Wor.)** 267: Hullesbarewe. **(1285) //EPNSoc.13// (War.)** 245: Hollen Hale. **(1287) //EPNSoc.17// (Not.)** 99: Ouelkotes. **(1291)//EPNSoc.13// (War.)** 245: Olnehale. **(1302) //EPNSoc.4// (Wor.)** 267: Olenhale. **(1302) //EPNSoc.34// (West Riding Yks.)** 41: Oulheued. **(1317) //EPNSoc.13//(War.)** 245: Oulnhale. **(1327) in Löfvenberg //ME Local Surnames//** 146: Nic. atte Noulton. **(1327) //Sub.R.Sus//.in //Sus.RS 10//** 220: Rado de Oulehole. **(1332)//Sub.R.Sus//.in //Sus.RS 10//** … 288: Oulalegh. **(1336) in Mawer //PNNhb.& Dur.//** 153: Olcestre. **(1340) //EPNSoc.4//(Wor.)** 267: Ollebarewe. **(1363) //EPNSoc.13// (War.)** 245: Ulnhale. **(1389) in Wallenberg //PNKent//** 416: Ulle. **(1414) //EPNSoc.17// (Not.)** 99: Ulcotes. **(1447)//EPNSoc.32// (West Riding Yks.)** 236: Owelecotes. **(1454) //EPNSoc.13// (War.)** 245: Ulnehale. **(1457) //EPNSoc.35// (West Riding Yks.)** 124: Owlcotes. **(1461)//EPNSoc.9// (Dev.)** 435: Owelhole. **(1486) in Wallenberg //PNKent//** 142: Wolberough. **(1487) //EPNSoc.20// (Cum.)** 257: Ulcotwra.

R&W – Wich (Wike, Wyke, Wicke, placenames), Wicking (Wikingus, Wykyng, Wikyng, de Wyking), Wicker (Wyker), Wicken (Wyken, de Wikin, placenames), Wickling (de Wyklinge), Redewyke (Reddick)

Bahlow – Wickbrand (fight-flaming sword, Wyckbrandi), Wickede (placename, de Wickede 1300), Wick (Wicke), Wibbelt (Wicboldus, Wickbolt), Wieck.

Bees

Middle English – be, honi

• bẹ̄ (n.) Also bee, beo, by. Pl. be(e)n, beon, be(e)s, beis. [OE bēo, bīe.] 1.(a) A bee; esp., the honey bee (Apis mellifera); bike (gadering, swarm) of ben (bes), a swarm of bees; king of ben, king of the bees, i.e. the queen bee; bisi ~, as bisi as bes; (b) ~ drumbel, fals ~, long ~, male ~, a drone; common (smal, verrei) ~, a worker;feld ~, a wild bee of the fields; humbel ~, a bumble bee; tame ~, a tame bee; wod ~, a wild bee of the woods; (c) some bee-like insect. 2.~ bred, honeycomb with the honey; ~ herde, ~ man, a beekeeper; ~ hive, ben hive, a beehive; ~ honi, honey; ~ yerd, enclosure for bees, apiary. 3. As a surname. **(1224) //Abbrev.Plac.Hen.III//** 104: Nicholaus le Be. **(1284) //Pat.R.Edw.I//** 141: Adam le Bee. **(1288) //Rec.Norwich 2//** 10: Mirielle le Be [Also in R&W – just Be?]

Where BEES are, there is honey 1616 Adages 77 – Where Bees are, there is honie.

http://cprouvost.free.fr/fun/A%20Lire/0198606087.pdf

German – die biene (fem.) “so fleißig wie eine Biene” (as busy as a bee), bienenfleissig (adj. industrious, bee-busy), bienen (bees plural), bienen- (adj.)

• IGI has Bien, Bine, Bene, Binen, Beenen, Benen, Bihne (Balzer Bihne, married 1638, Brandenburg, Prussia, Batch M99873-1)
• “like a/the bee” “wie eine/die Biene”

French – l’abeille (“Le miel est doux, mais l’abeille pique.” (The honey is sweet, but the bee stings.) IGI has Abeille.

• Abeille as name of the charge – https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_des_meubles_h%C3%A9raldiques
• “like a bee” “comme une abeille”, “like the bee” “comme l’abeille”
• Pas d’abeilles pas de miel, pas de travail pas d’argent (no bees no honey, no work no money)
• **Où il y a des abeilles, il y aura du miel**[prov.] Where bees are, there will be honey [prov.]

Spanish – (motto, surname, charge titles) – la abeja.

• «Abeja muerta, ni miel, ni cera». – Dead bee, no honey, no wax.
• «Abejas que tienen miel, tienen aguijón». Bees with honey have stingers.
• «La abeja, de todas las flores se aprovecha». The bee takes advantage of all flowers.
• «La abeja, unas flores escoge y otras deja». The bees picks some flowers and not others.
• «Una abeja no hace colmena». One bee is not a hive, I.e. One swallow does not make a summer.
• “like a/the bee” “como una/la abeja”

Latin – apis,

• “Si sapis, sis apis” (if you are wise, be a bee. From honey and wax, enjoy sweetness and light.) “Ако си умен, бъди трудолюбив като пчела.” – “Si sapis, sis apis.” – Seneca? paraphrase? [shorten to “sis apis” ?]
• Borrowing from Cicero, Petrarch advises an imitator to be like a bee, tasting from various flowers but transforming the nectar into a honey all its own.[6]
• Apes, ut aiunt, debemus imitari, quae vagantur et flores ad mel faciendum idoneos carpunt, deinde quickquid attulere, disponunt ac per favos digerunt et, ut Vergilius noster ait,. . . liquentia mella / stipant et dulci distendunt nectare cellas. (We should imitate the bees, as they say, which wander and pluck suitable flowers to make honey, then carry whatever, they arrange and distribute through the honeycomb, just as our Virgil said: . . . they pack close the / liquid honey and fill the storehouse / with sweet nectar.http://nonnumadanda.blogspot.com/2010/09/seneca-letter-84.html [shorten to “apes debemus imitari” or even “apes imitari” (pl) “apis imitari” (sing.) ?]
• Erasmus’s advice echoed that of the Roman Seneca, who also used a botanical metaphor to describe the essential role that memory plays in reading and in thinking. “We should imitate bees,” Seneca wrote, “and we should keep in separate compartments whatever we have collected from our diverse reading, for things conserved separately keep better. Then, diligently applying all the resources of our native talent, we should mingle all the various nectars we have tasted, and then turn them into a single sweet substance, in such a way that, even if it is apparent where it originated, it appears quite different from what it was in its original state.”5 Memory, for Seneca as for Erasmus, was as much a crucible as a container. It was more than the sum of things remembered. It was something newly made, the essence of a unique self.
• Omne epigramma sit instar apis; sit aculeus illi, Sint sua mella, sit et corporis exigui: (Every epigram should resemble a bee; it should have sting, honey, and brevity.) – Martial
• “Ubi mel ibi apes” – (Where honey, there (will be) bees.)
• “Neque mel, neque apes” (No bees, no honey aka Neither honey, nor bees – Erasmus 1466-1536 discusses.)

Greek – melissa, mellifera (honey-carrier)

Russian – pchela

http://bestiary.ca/beasts/beast260.htm

• Bee Pursuivant
  • This heraldic title was registered to Ealdormere, Kingdom of in December of 2009 (via Ealdormere).

Bees and Beehives

“The Bee (saith the wiseman) is the least of Birds, but shee is of much vertue; and shee provideth both Hony for pleasure, and Waxe for thrift…. Bees have three properties of the best kinds of subjects, they sticke close to their King; they are very industrious for their liveli-hood, expelling all idle drones; they wil not sting any but such as first provoke them, and then they are most fierce. — John Guillim, A Display of Heraldry, 1611

Bees are often used in canting arms based on the term for “bee” in various languages, such as Latin apis, French abeille, German Biene, etc., and also on terms for “honey”, including Latin mella, French or Spanish miel, Italian miele, German Honig.

The default orientation for bees is tergiant, sometimes also called volant en arrière. Beehives also appear in armory, and they may be surrounded by a swarm of bees in various attitudes, which is termed a beehive beset with bees

http://www.vikinganswerlady.com/Stars/Bugs/Bugs.htm

Also – http://www.heraldica.org/topics/insects.htm, “Bees appear as a canting device for a number of families: the English families Bye, Bee, Beebee, Beeston; the French families Abeille, Melet de Saint-Martin, Mellier, Mieulet (honey=miel in French); German family Biene; Flemish family Bezoet de Bie; Dutch family van Byemont; Spanish families Abello, Abella; Greek family Melisurgo de Melissenos; etc.”

More Middle English:

• clāvẹ̄r (n.) Also claviour. [OF clavier] (a) The keeper of a door or gate, porter; a key-keeper, ?steward; — in surname only;
• (a) **(1211) //CRR(2) 6//** 142: Jordanus le Claver. **(1225) //Close R.Tower 2//** 15: Willielmus le Claver. **(1255) in Thuresson //ME Occup.Terms//** 149: Ric. le Clauer. **(1271) //Inquis.PM Hen.III//** 247: Simon le Claver. **(1327) in Thuresson //ME Occup.Terms//** 149: Joh. Claver..Rog. le Clauyr. **(1346) //Feudal Aids 5//** 74: Johannes Claver.
• claviculārī (n.) [L clāviculārius] A key-keeper.
• keie (n.(1)) Also kei, keȝe, kai(e, cai, (early) kæie, cæȝe & kẹ̄ & kī(e; pl. keies, etc. & keien, keiȝen. [OE cǣg] 1a. (a) A key; lok and ~; also fig.; kinges keies, crowbars and hammers used to force locks or doors; (b) a representation of a key in a heraldic device; ~ of rome, a key as a sign of Roman pilgrimage; (c) pl. keies, ?a manorial office with charge of the keys of the buildings; ~ theis; (d) ~ berere (herde), a person in charge of keys; hevenli ~ herde, an epithet for St. Peter; ~ bond, a band for carrying keys, a key-ring; ~ clogge, a piece of wood attached to a key to prevent loss; ~ makere, a keysmith; ~ silver, a rent paid for exemption from the office of reeve; (e) in proverbs and sayings; (f) chirche ~, see chirche 9. (d); cliket ~, see cliket n. (1) (a);heven ~, see heven 7. (d). 1b. In phrases: (a) beren keies, to enjoy (someone’s) trust; beren keie(s of, kepen ~ of, be in charge of (sth.), have charge of (an office); have (someone’s heart, happiness, etc.) in one’s control; guard (faith, virtue, Christianity, etc.), defend; hold (treason) in check, curb; (b) bringen (taken, yelden, yelden up, yeven) the keies, senden the keie(s, to give up control (of a city or country), deliver a place (to sb.), surrender one’s authority or rule; (c) kepen under ~, to lock (sb. or sth.) up, have in safekeeping or custody; also fig.; holden under ~, withhold (sth.); loken under a ~, keep (sb.) in one’s sway; … underfon under lok & ~, receive or accept (sth.) for safe custody, be entrusted with. 3.In various fig. uses: (a) one who, or that which, opens the way to something, that which makes something possible; beren the ~; (b) a controller, means of controlling; protector, protection; lok and ~; (c) an entrance, place of entering; (d) that which explains or makes clear. 6. The helm of a ship, tiller; fig. that which guides or governs; [?L clavus confused with clavis]. 7. ?In surname. **(1202) in //Pipe R.Soc.n.s.15//** 56: Willelmus Keistan.
• compīlātǒur (n.) [L & OF] (a) A plagiarist; (b) a compiler. (a) **c1400 * Chaucer //Astr.//(Brussels 4869)** introd.75b: I ne am but a Iewid compilatour of the labour of olde astrologiens. **?a1475(?a1425) //Higd.(2)// (Hrl 2261)** 1.13: Virgilius..callede..a compilator of olde thynges..ansuerede..that hit was a signe of grete strenȝhte to take the mace from the honde of Hercules. (b) **a1475(a1447) Bokenham //MAngl.//(Hrl 4011)** 34/7: I..ne desire to be holdyn..auctour..ne wylle aske no more but to byn holdyn oonly the pore compilatour & owte of latyne..the rude & symple translatour.
• compīlen (v.) [ML & OF] 1. To compose or write (a chronicle, story, poem, prayer, etc.); also, formulate (rules). 2. (a) To collect and present information from authentic sources, as in an encyclopedia or a comprehensive treatise; compile; ~ togeder; (b) to codify (statutes).
• gaderer(e (n.) Also gadrer, gederer, & (errors) gadaver, goder. [From gaderen.] (a) A gatherer; one who brings people together, one who accumulates property, one who procures indulgences; also fig.; (b) one who picks or gathers fruit, flowers, herbs; (c) a collector of taxes, tribute, alms [see also rent ~]; (d) as surname; (e) the ~, Aggregatoris dictorum illustrium, a medical treatise by William Corvi; also, nickname of the author. (a) **a1300 //PMor.//(Jes-O 29)** 265: Þe þat were gaderares of þisse worldes ayhte. **(a1387) Trev. //Higd.//(StJ-C H.1)** 1.13: Enemyes..cleped hym a gaderere of old wrytynges [L compilator veterum]. **(1395) //Wycl.37 Concl.//(Tit D.1)** 65: Though a cristene man geue manie godis..to the gadereris or procuratouris of suche indulgencis, and releue not hise pore neighboris..he shal be dampnid. **(1451) Capgr. //St.Gilb.//(Add 36704)** 90/8: Þere was not founde a bettir ne more sewirer keper þan þat same man whech was gaderer of þat puple. **c1475(?c1400) //Wycl.Apol.//(Dub 245)** 55: Þei of þer office are gederers of euerlastyng lif. (b) **(c1384) //WBible(1)// (Dc 369(2))** Ob.1.5: Ȝif gadreris of grapis [L vindemiatores] hadden entriden to thee. **(c1449) Pecock //Repr.//(Cmb Kk.4.26)** 29: The feld is the fundament of tho flouris, and not the hondis of the gaderers, neither tho bringers. **?c1450 //Iff a man// (Stockh 10.90)**312/189: Who so wele on lammesse-day..Gadere celydony with his roote, It helpyth and doth meche bote; Þe gaderere fastend most be. (d) **(c1275) //Hundred R.Tower 1//** 384: Rogerus le Gaderer.
• lantern(e (n.) Also launtern(e, la(u)ntren, lantarne & la(u)nter & lā̆tern(e. [OF lanterne & L lanterna, lāterna.] 1. (a) A lantern; a lamp; lemen (shinen) as lanternes, to shine like lanterns; holden the ~, act as guide, lead the way; loken lik a ~, be hollow-cheeked; light of (the) ~, lantern light (as a guide or as a sign of human habitation); (b) in proverbial expressions and sayings; … (d) in surnames. (a) **a1300(c1250) //Floris// (Vit D.3)** 235: Ne þarf me aniht..berne Nouþer torche ne lanterne. … **c1350 //Apoc.(1)// in //LuSE// (Hrl 874)** p.157: Ne voice ne no mynstralcye ne shal neuermore ben herd in hire, ne liȝth of lanterne shal neuermore be seen in it. … **(a1393) Gower //CA// (Frf 3)** 4.817: Sche hath do set up lyht In a lanterne on hih alofte Upon a Tour..In hope that..He scholde se the liht brenninge. **(a1398) * Trev. //Barth.//(Add 27944)** 197a/b: In a temple of venus is..a candelstik on þe whiche was a lanterne [Tol: lantarne] so brennyng þat it may nought be y-queynt. **(a1398) * Trev. //Barth.//(Add 27944)** 292b/a: His [the wolf] yhen schyneþ by nyȝt as lanternes. **(a1398) * Trev. //Barth.//(Add 27944)** 331a/b: Lanterna [L Laterna] haþ þat name for light is yclosed þer Inne, and is y-made of glas, or of horne, ouþer of som other clere þing, and light is y-closed þer Inne for þat þe wynde schulde nouȝt blowe out þe light; and he..is ofte y-bore aboute wiþ light þer Inne..þe candele of þe lanterne hatte licinius. **a1400(a1325) //Cursor// (Vsp A.3)** 15731: His disciplis wer ful radd quen þai sagh þat sight, A lantern [Frf: launternes], staf, and suerd, and sper, and mani brandes bright. … **a1425 *//Medulla// (Stnh A.1.10)** 38b/a: Lucerna: a lantarne. **?a1425//Orch.Syon// (Hrl 3432)** 75/13: Thei ben as lanternes brennynge and sette vpon a candilsticke, þat þei schulden deeme þe way of sooþfastnes. … **a1450(c1409) //Man haue hit// (Dgb 102)** 62: Ȝoure rule is groundid in charyte, As liȝt of lanterne to lede þe way. … .**?a1475(?a1425) //Higd.(2)// (Hrl 2261)** 7.405: That religion encreasede so moche in that tyme that the monkes of the ordre Cisterciense were as a lawnterne to alle oþer monkes. … **?c1475 *//Cath.Angl.//(Add 15562)** 70b: Lanterne: crucibulum, lucerna, laterna. … **a1500 //Peterb.Lapid.//(Peterb 33)** 69: In a temple of venus is made a candelstik one þe which was a lantren so brenynge þat it miȝt not be quenched with tempest ne with rayne. (b) **(c1384) //WBible(1)// (Dc 369(2))** Mat.5.15: Nether men tendyn a lanterne [L lucernam], and putten it vndir a busshel, but on a candilstike, that it ȝeue liȝt to alle that ben in the hous. **c1390(c1350) //NHom.(2) PSanct.//(Vrn)** … I.1036: A citee may nat ben hyd that is set on a montayne, ne men lighte nat a lanterne and put it vnder a busshel, but men sette it on a candelstikke to lighten the men in the hous. **(c1395) Chaucer //CT.WB.//(Manly-Rickert)** D.334: He is to greet a nygard that wil werne A man to lighte a candel at his lanterne, He shal han neuer the lasse light, pardee. **c1425 *//Wycl.Concord.//(Roy 17.B.1)**84a: Lanterne. No man liȝtneþ a lanterne & puttiþ &c., mt. fifþe cap. **a1450(c1433) Lydg. //St.Edm.//(Hrl 2278)** 396/1091: Who can..hide A cleer lanterne whan that it is lyht, On a chaundelabre whan it doth abide? **a1450 //Pore of spirit// (Dgb 102)** 153: To lanterne ȝe ben likned..Nouȝt vnder worldly buschel hyd, But on a candel-styke. **(1451) Capgr. //St.Gilb.//(Add 36704)** 93/2: He is not wone to lyte a lanterne and hide it vndyr a buschell, but to sette it vp in heith on a chaundeler. (d) **(1207) //Fine R.King John//** 456: Ricardus Lanter. **(1374) //Leet R.Norwich// in //Seld.Soc.5//** 66: Andreas Lanternemaker. **(1374) in Thuresson //ME Occup.Terms//** 238: Joh. Lanternemaker. **(1374) in Thuresson //ME Occup.Terms//** 238: Hug. Lanternemaker.
• lārẹ̄w (n.) Also lareow(e, lareaw. [OE lārēow] A teacher, preceptor; leader, master

Heraldic “arms of office”

Per Wikipedia:

The Herald Chancellor of Canada has arms of office. The red shield features a gold maple tree with its roots visible. The maple tree represents the predominant species on the grounds of Rideau Hall, where the Canadian Heraldic Authority is headquartered. The batons of office are red and gold and are decorated with shields of the arms of the CHA. The arms are impaled with the personal arms of the Herald Chancellor. The Deputy Herald Chancellor uses similar arms. These are red with a white tree and an added white bordure. These are, likewise, impaled with the personal arms of the office-holder.

Arms of Office of James Cyrille Gervaise as Deputy Herald Chancellor

The impaled shield shows the Arms of Office of the Deputy Herald Chancellor on the left marshalled with the personal arms of James Cyrille Gervais, granted on 21 January 1993, on the right. The shield is placed on two representations of the Baton of Office of the Deputy Herald Chancellor in saltire.

http://reg.gg.ca/heraldry/pub-reg/project-pic.asp?lang=e&ProjectID=2115&ProjectElementID=7357

Badge of the Lord Lyon King of Arms. Note the crossed battons here, too.